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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
Time: 12:07 am
Time: 12:07 am
Results for sex offenders (canada)
3 results foundAuthor: Cortoni, Franca Title: Assessing the Effectiveness of the National Sexual Offender Program Summary: "The purpose of the current study was to assess the effectiveness of the National Sexual Offender Program (NaSOP) in reducing recidivism. The NaSOP is a cognitive-behavioural program offered to low and moderate risk male sexual offenders. It is a therapeutic and semi-structured intervention designed to help offenders develop effective self-management skills. In addition, the program targets cognitive distortions, deviant arousal and fantasy, social skills, anger and emotion management, empathy, and victim awareness. Following the principles of effective correctional interventions (Andrews & Bonta, 2003), the program is offered at both moderate and low intensity. The moderate intensity program is offered in institutions and typically consists of 10 to 14 hours of group work over a period of 4 to 5 months. The low intensity program is delivered both in the institutions and the community. This program typically constists of 3 to 5 hours of weekly group work over the course of 2 to 3 months. The program is delivered by psychologists and program delivery officers that have experience in the assessment and treatment of sexual offenders and who have completed standardized training in the delivery of the NaSOP. The NaSOP was given international accreditation in 2000 and was fully implemented across CSC by 2002. The study examined whether sexual offenders who had completed the NaSOP demonstrated reductions in recidivism when compared to a group of untreated sexual offenders. It included 347 sexual offenders who had participated in the NaSOP between 2000 and 2004. A comparison group comprised of 137 untreated sexual offenders as drawn from Motiuk and Porporino's (1993) database. Motiuk and Porporino (1993) conducted an exhaustive review of a representative sample of sexual offenders under federal jurisdiction (in institutions and in the community) at the time. They collected a wide range of information on these offenders in their sample, including whether they had participated in sexual offender treatment. Offenders identified in the database as not having participated in such treatment were selected for the comparison group. All offenders in the study had sufficient file information to permit the scoring of the STATIC-99, an actuarial assessment instrument specifically designed to assess risk of sexual recidivism. Two different approaches were utilized to examine whether NaSOP participants demonstrated reduced recidivism. The first approach was a cohort design, in which the rates of recidivism of the NaSOP participants were compared to those of the comparison group. After statistically controlling for risk and time-at-risk in the community, results showed that the offenders who participated in the NaSOP had a 68% reduction of sexual recidivism, an 83% reduction of violent recidivism, and a 77% reduction in any type of recidivism when compared to the untreated offenders. The second approach was a risk-band design, in which the actual recidivism rates are compared to actuarially-established projected rates of recidivism. Rates from the STATIC-99 normative sample were used as the comparison in this case. Cox regression analyses showed that the NaSOP group had an 88% lower rate of sexual recidivism than would have been expected based on the STATIC-99 normative sample. The odds of sexual recidivism for the comparison group, however, did not differ from those that would be expected based on their STATIC-99 scores. It is possible that year of release, as a result of socio-politic factors (e.g., willingness to report sexual offenders; societal reactions to sexual offending) affects recidivism rates. As the median year of release was 2003 for the NaSOP participants and 1992 for the comparison group, Cox regression analyses were conducted separately for the NaSOP and the comparison groups to examine the potential impact of year of release. For the NaSOP group, release year was not associated with recidivism of any type. For the comparison group, release year was not associated with sexual recidivism. It was associated, however, with violent recidivism. This indicates that for the comparison group, the predicted rate of violent recidivism increased by 56% with each one-year increase in release year. The results from this study are consistent with meta-analytical research on correctional treatment programs for sexual offenders (e.g., ATSA Collaborative Database), indicating that structured cognitive-behavioral interventions that target the factors specifically related to sexually offending behavior are effective methods to reduce recidivism among sexual offenders. The current findings provide evidence that the NaSOP is an effective intervention for reducing recidivism among low to moderate risk sexual offenders." Details: Ottawa: Correctional Service Canada, 2008. 15p. Source: Internet Resource: Research Report R-183; Accessed August 19, 2010 at: http://www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/rsrch/reports/r183/r183-eng.shtml Year: 2008 Country: Canada URL: http://www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/rsrch/reports/r183/r183-eng.shtml Shelf Number: 118804 Keywords: Correctional ProgramsRecidivismSex Offenders (Canada)Treatment, Sex Offenders |
Author: Helmus, Leslie Title: Assessing the Risk of Older Sex Offenders: Developing the Static-99R and Static-2002R Summary: Actuarial risk assessment scales and their associated recidivism estimates are generally developed on samples of offenders whose average age is well under 50 years old. Criminal behaviour of all types declines with age; consequently, actuarial scales tend to overestimate recidivism for older offenders. The current study aimed to develop a revised scoring system for two risk assessment tools (Static-99 and Static-2002) that would more accurately describe older offenders’ risk of recidivism. Using data from 8,390 sex offenders derived from 24 separate samples, age was found to add incremental predictive validity to both Static-99 and Static-2002. After creating new age weights, the resulting instruments (Static-99R and Static-2002R) had only slightly higher relative predictive accuracy. The absolute recidivism estimates, however, provided a substantially better fit for older offenders than the recidivism estimates from the original scales. We encourage evaluators to adopt the revised scales with the new age weights. Details: Ottawa: Public Safety Canada, 2011. 32p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 6, 2011 at: http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/res/cor/rep/_fl/2011-01-aroso-eng.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Canada URL: http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/res/cor/rep/_fl/2011-01-aroso-eng.pdf Shelf Number: 121985 Keywords: Elderly Sex OffendersRecidivismRisk AssessmentSex Offenders (Canada) |
Author: Babchishin, Kelly M. Title: The RRASOR, Static-99R and Static-2002R All Add Incrementally to the Prediction of Recidivism Among Sex Offenders Summary: Empirically derived actuarial tools are increasingly being used in applied psychology, particularly for the assessment of risk for crime and violence. Although evaluators commonly use more than one scale, it is unclear how evaluators should interpret divergent findings. The current study examined the predictive accuracy and incremental validity of three risk assessment scales (RRASOR, Static-99R, and Static2002R) in twenty distinct samples of sex offenders (N = 7,491). Static-99R and Static-2002R outperformed the RRASOR in the prediction of sexual, violent, and any recidivism. No differences in predictive accuracy were found between Static-99R and Static-2002R. Nevertheless, almost all the scales provided incremental validity to the prediction of all types of recidivism. The direction of the incremental effects, however, was not consistently positive. When controlling for the other measures, high scores on the RRASOR were associated with lower risk for violent and general recidivism. Consequently, decisions concerning the interpretation of multiple risk scales must be informed by the construct validity of the measures. When scales measure the same domain of risk factors, an averaging approach can be justified. If the selected scales are not sampling the same types of risk factors, then evaluators need a defensible model concerning (1) the latent constructs measured by the scales and (2) empirical evidence concerning how the constructs should be weighted and combined. Details: Ottawa: Public Safety Canada, 2011. 29p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 6, 2011 at: Year: 2011 Country: Canada URL: Shelf Number: 121986 Keywords: RecidivismRisk AssessmentSex Offenders (Canada) |